Economic and environmental costs Essay

engineering is the breeding of physical equipment, their processes, skills and knowledge to make good use these advancements. nevertheless the innovation of b atomic number 18-assed engine room comes with its disadvantages. Externalities be the be or benefits that a use of a engineering science creates for a third party. Consequently, ascribable to the merge of costs and benefits, the philanthropist- Kranzberg famously said Technology is neither good nor bad, nor it is neutral. The externalities that I give pay the most emphasis on, ar the negative unforeseen consequences of technical innovation.With the exponential growth of the tribe and the demand for engine room fitting great by the day, we atomic number 18 now dependent on applied science. save social incidentors such(prenominal) as wellness issues, economic factors such as the costs of fuel alternatives and surroundal costs of a descend in biodiversity make scientific innovation a contr e verywheresial subject. technical innovation was sparked by the industrial revolution, and we argon still reliant on the very(prenominal) fossil fuels today. Due to incomplete combustion of the fuel, carbon particulates argon released into the air.This is seen in non exactly the takings of technology, solely in transport too. Despite to a greater extent cars becoming much fuel efficient, 99. 99% of alone cars (1. 2bn worldwide) run on fossil fuels. Although slightly cars adjudge catalytic converters, carbon particulates ar released in the older cars. When consumed these particles can make up serious health issues such as asthma and in some cases lung disease. dangerous health problems that can sometimes winding to fatalities. The self-propelling diligence is expenditure over $1. 6 trillion, and provides 7. 25 zillion jobs.It has few economic costs, but due to the scrape up of TNCs natural spring occurs at an surprise rate. With Audi, Ger some, Ford and Mercedes placesourcing i n Mexico. Mexico discovers on number 0. 67% of profits from those 4 companies. The leakage benefits the economy of the source country, damages the environment of the host country and its economy. Due to the fact that fossil fuels are a finite resource companies confound started to find diverse fuel alternatives. However these are very high-ticket(prenominal) on that pointfore damaging the fraternitys economic state, whereas its aim is to attach its copeholder value.Due to almost deoxycytidine monophosphate% of cars apply fossil fuels, they release 4. 4bn tonnes of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere each year accelerating the raise unripenedhouse put together. As non hardly does this push us closer to the tipping point, but it in addition is absorbed by water, fashioning it acidic threatening marine life. overall the exploitation of technology in the automotive industry generally benefits the economy, and with to a greater extent and more cars implementing tech to produce less particulates there will be less ventilation system problems.However the environmental cost is grand, with the spacious amounts of C02 emitted each year, the worlds climate is becoming unstable. The element Revolution has lead to the development of genetically modified (GM) shops. This has increased yields of the tramp, makes them more rebarbative to tough climates and can make them more nutritious. Making the crops more resistant to utmost(a) conditions makes people dependent on these plants. However as they are more expensive to source, there has been the socio-economic impact of social polarisation- this is where the fork among the rich and the poor becomes more apparent.This is because the poorer farmers get less byplay, as they foolt have the GM crop to sell on, furthermore the lack of funds creates the fosterary impact of not being able to afford healthcare or education for example. Monsanto is the one of the largest TNCs in the GM crop industry, and is now worth $15bn. give care the other automotive TNCs mentioned in this assignment leakage occurs as they have a 45% premium on their employees, so most funds goes pricker to the host country. The green revolution spreads technology that hasnt been implemented outside industrialized nations.Using fertilisers and pesticides on crops has transformed the culture industry, it most of the work done is to produce modern irrigation systems and add chemicals to improve crop varieties and improve yields. This has led to less paucity and has also contributed to the population growth (Increased from 4bn in 1930s when it was first introduced to 7. 125bn now). It has also caused many issues. The main social consequence is again health colligate as the exercise of these chemicals has lead to 1mn cases of pesticide poisonings in 2015 with 20,000 of these cases turning out to be fatal.Due to the world atom production increasing by 230% between 1950 and 2015, clearing out 2 million a cres of rainforests for grain. This in turn has decreased biodiversity in those areas by on ordinary 2. 45% consequently unbalancing the local provender web. In addition to this, biodiversity decreases, as only one type of crop is grown-Monoculture, as this is the crop with the highest yield. This limits the amount of animals that can fasten themselves in that area. The use of agrochemicals has led to eutrophication, patch over use of irrigation has created salinization of soils and droughts.However for crops such as HYV rice, yields are low without these chemicals creating a dependency. The green revolution has shown the economical benefits of using chemicals, however, it has lead to many health related issues and threatens the life in the area due to bioaccumulation. Nevertheless due to its success farmers are dependent on these agrochemicals to provide for their family. harangue of something we are dependent on, here s something some teenagers cant abide without Mobile s hout outs.The erratic telephony industry is the fastest growing industry worldwide, with its worth in 2013 being $200bn, this year it has surpassed $410bn. In the last 44 years we have gone from no busys being available to 5bn phones sold since. With the introduction of the stylishnessphone, communication with business, hotshot and family has never been quicker and easier. Due to mobiles using microwave radiation to send and receive messages, they slightly warm areas of your body that they are in contact with, which could cause mutations. Although it is not proven, there are correlations with phone physical exercise with brain tumours and low sperm counts.My propagation will be the first extension that has had mobile phones throughout their whole lives, and consequently the data collected about these health issues will be unprecedented. The externalities from the rise of mobile phones go under the radar. With the introduction of the smart phone, which can now do almost any thing, many businesses have seen a decrease in sales as the phone has zoned them out. An example of this is the toy company Mattel, which has seen a $20 decrease in share price from 2013 to 2016 which correlates with the development of mobile gaming.another(prenominal) example of this knock on effect is the 70% decrease in digital camera sales since 2009, due to phone cameras becoming better and better. With the amount of mobile devices set to exceed the human population in the next 5 years, production is going to be faster than ever. In 2015 it was estimated that mobile production released 36mn tonnes of C02 into the atmosphere, due to the necessary of fossil fuels to work and make the machines for production. The versatility of the smartphone has changed our lives, and business across the globe.However with its built in obsolescence, and the materials being hard to recycle, many mobiles are finding themselves on landfill sites harming the environment. Overall the economic impact of technological innovation is the greater than the other unforeseen consequences. The externalities it caused by the genetic, and the green revolution led to the secondary impacts of having a lack of money for healthcare and education. By damaging the potential of the future these technological innovations cannot be seen as sustainable.As this development creates the social polarisation, between the rich and the poor, it also further increases the difference between the conjugation South divide, as the money from the TNCs such as Audi sees 99% of their money go back to Germany, and 1 % sash in Mexico. The environmental concerns are the second largest in my opinion due to the huge amounts of carbon dioxide emitted, and how close we are to the worldwide temperatures tipping point and the further consequences this has. Finally I put social concerns last as they are mainly short term, and should be solved by new technology in the next decade or two.