Deviance and social controls Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Deviance and social controls - Essay ExampleThe goal of sociologists is to identify the customary characteristics of deviance. This approach is not concerned with the classification of deviant behavior. This research paper will seek to analyze and assess the phenomenon of social deviance.Deviance is considered to be aberrant behaviors that argon contrary to established cultural norms and values. besides defining the term is more complex given the sheer assortment of actions that are categorized as aberrant by society. The goal of sociology is to identify the common characteristics of various forms of deviance. The normative definition argues that any behavioral pattern that infringes upon the established rules of society is tantamount to deviance (Ben Yahuda, 1990).This definition is perhaps the oldest one regarding the phenomenon of deviance. Contemporary sociologists make up attempted to formulate a relativistic definition in order to ensure computability with modern sociologica l theories. Thus the relativistic definition considers deviance as actions which are perceived to be aberrant according to social agents.Deviance helps to establish social morals and standards that provide guidance to society. The function of society is to get parameters that divide behaviors on the basis of acceptability. Any action that is outside such parameters will be categorized as deviant by society. Human beings are able to make decisions based upon the classification of deviant behaviors (Downes, 2003). These decisions are implemented within the moral boundaries in order to ensure acceptability from fellow homophile beings. An important function of deviance is to rally and mobilize the social classes against the outcasts of society. This helps to develop a consensus among the general public that deviant acts will not be tolerated in society. For instance there is a universal stance against pedophilia which is deemed to be a

How can forensic crime scene analysis assist with developing offender Essay

How can forensic crime scene epitome assist with developing offender profiles Illustrate your answer with examples - Essay ExampleFor the profiler the process begins at the scene of the crime the pieces needed in order to solve the puzzle are pitch here, and it would be impossible to proceed without a thorough investigation of the crime scene. Forensic order, flesh out concerning the mode of attack, the victim chosen and other pertinent details are collected by the profiler and these serve as the foundation on which the offender profile is developed. Thus the importance of forensic crime scene analysis in developing the offender profile cannot be stressed enough. The evidence gathered at the scene of the crime, both physical and behavioural serves as the springboard on which the profiler gains access to the criminal mind.Over the years, forensic engineering has improved vastly and has had a tremendous impact on police investigations as we contend it. Some people go as far as t o say that the infamous Jack the Ripper would have been nabbed if Scotland Yard could have had the benefits of the enhanced forensic technology available today. Be that as it may, evidence in the form of a fingerprint left over(p) on the crime scene, a shoe print, physical evidence like hair, fibres, semen, blood or other bodily fluids can go a long way in helping the police to identify the perpetrator. Locards Exchange Principle was a groundbreaking development in forensic technology. According to Saferstein, it states that when an offender comes into contact with a location or another somebody an exchange of evidence occurs (cited by Turvey, 2002, p.40). Consequently, the perpetrator leaves a part of himself behind while also taking something with him that is bound to link him to the crime. Physical evidence left behind may be compared against a database of known offenders and more often than not the identity of the perpetrator can be established. Fingerprint technology and

Answer case questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Answer case questions - Assignment ExampleCompany data shows that marketing put down increased from $108.9 million in 2009 to $246.5 in 2013. The increase in marketing expenditure is the result of the adoption of a robust marketing and promotion strategies. The order used a variety of promotion strategies. First, the company sought to promote is product visibility in the sports sector by signing outfitting contracts with schools and colleges. By so doing, people can see the products of the company. Second, the company increased its retail shops and also the product presentation at the shops to attract shoppers. Third, the company made immense use of the media to advertise its products.The company uses three main distribution strategies. The company sells in wholesales terms to retailers who then resell the product to the final consumers. Under outfit also engages in direct sales to its consumers. In fact, direct sales accounted for 30.4% of the sales in 2013 (Thompson 244). Final ly, the company sells licenses to enable distributors sell its products in areas where it has no presence. crossing Licensing gives distributors exclusive rights to sell Under Armour products. Thus, they act on behalf of the company. The strategy has enabled Under Armour to carry a presence in areas where it does not have operations.High-quality products are responsible for the growth of the company. The company has a product development team that works with third party suppliers to ensure that materials are of high quality. The team also ensures that the manufacturing process adds the required features such as comfort and design (Thompson 246). The marketing team also collects opinions and reviews from customers and potential customers to identify the customers position towards the product, and how the products can be improved to fit the needs of the target customers.To ensure quality of their products, Under Armour used raw materials from approved suppliers

Sharia Law and International Commercial Arbitration and Enforcing Dissertation - 1

sharia Law and International mercantile arbitrament and Enforcing Foreign Judgments - Dissertation ExampleThe purpose of the study was to research the possibility of a conceptual harmonisation of conventional and Islamic arbitrement between parties in different countries. The dissertation commences with a review of the historical increment of arbitration in Islamic countries under Sharia law, in order to gain an understanding of the manner by which aspects of arbitration are perceived by the Muslim faithful. The discussion proceeds along this line to the philosophy behind salient concepts in the Islamic faith, particularly those elements that are seen to be of greatest difference with conventional concepts. After examining these differences specifically as they pertain to Saudi Arabian law, the accession of the Kingdom to the various international conventions governing arbitral judgments and awards, their recognition and enforcement, as discussed. From this vantage point, the l ikelihood of integration of international legal development and legal development under Sharia law is assessed. The paper concludes that conceptual and philosophical consistencies live on between both systems that could viably form the basis for a harmonised law an international arbitration law embodying provisions that blend with Sharia principles, and the evolution of Sharia law to be consistent with international law. Acknowledgements Table of Contents Abstract 1 Table of Contents 4 7 Chapter 1 Introduction and look for Question 8 1.1Chapter Overview 8 1.2Background to the study 9 1.3Alternative dispute resolution systems 10 1.4Background of international commercial arbitration and award enforcement 11 1.5 Research accusative and research question 14 1.6 Research methodology 14 1.7 Scope and Limitations 15 15 16 CHAPTER 2 16 Chapter 2 Development of arbitrement Law in the Islamic countries( Middle East) 16 2.1 Chapter Overview 16 2.2 History and Development in Middle East reg ional arbitration law 17 2.3 Conflicts between International Commercial Arbitration and Sharia law 22 2.4 Reconciliation of ICA with Sharia principles 32 2.5 On the possibility of harmonising Sharia principles with international arbitration law 34 2.6 Chapter Summary 36 37 CHAPTER 3 37 Chapter 3 Islamic Principles In Commercial Law and Arbitration 38 3.1 Chapter Overview 38 3.2 Islamic teachings related to business and commerce 38 3.3 The practice of Sulh 40 3.4 The Islamic principle of Ijtihad 41 3.5 The teachings of Islam with regard to arbitration 43 3.6 Arbitration in damage of the perspective of Sharia Law 46 3.6.1 Legality of Arbitration from the Quran 46 3.6.2 Legality of Arbitration from the Sunnah 48 3.6.3 Legality of Arbitration from the Secondary Sharia Sources 49 3.7 Enforcing foreign judgments and awards 50 3.8 Chapter Summary 52 54 CHAPTER 4 54 55 Chapter 4 Implementation of International Commercial Arbitration in Saudi Arabia 55 4.1 Chapter Overview 55 4.2 The accepta nce by Islamic countries of the global system of arbitration 55 4.3 Arbitration in terms of the perspective of Saudi Law 57 4.3.1 The concept of Arbitration in Saudi Law and its Characteristics 57 4.3.2 International Commercial Arbitration in Saudi Arabia 57 4.4 Chapter Summary 59 Chapter 5 Synthesis of Saudi Arbitration Law and International Commercial Arbitration 61 5.1 Chapter Overview

Business goverance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Business goverance - Essay ExampleThe BLM wants to charge the DBD $3 million in case the DBD does not reclaim the land when it has done drilling. In this case, a problem between the two arises.In understanding the situation at hand, we must look carefully at what a principal promoter problem is. The principal agent problem occurs when a situation arises that motivates an agent to represent the principal in dealing with a grouchy situation. The BLM may be unable to meet the cost of drilling or may be too involve to drill the oil (Winch 2010, 28). This makes them delegate the whole drilling to another(prenominal) company. DBD, on the other hand, may be specialized in the drilling of oil and they may be the best person who can drill this.In leasing the land by BLM to DBD the company stands to gain more than it can lose as the cost of drilling and maintenance will be passed on to DBD. Nevertheless, a problem arises where they are not sure whether DBD will reclaim the land after it is done with drilling or not. It, therefore, wants to charge DBD $3 million as money for reclaiming the land which if they do not they will spend $3 million to do it whereas DBD will spend $2 million for the reclamation of the land. The center cost of leasing the land to DBD is $5 million so they are afraid if they do not charge the $3 million, they would only make a returns of $2 million shillings. This is a business and its principle objective is to make maximum profits.In principal agent delegation many advantages are drawn. These embarrass improved decision-making and the efficiency of these decisions. Decisions are wholly passed to the agent who takes the problems as their own and works to towards finding viable decisions. This means that the principal only wants a particular payoff but the rest is left to the agent. In the example of BLM and DBD, the BLM can be likened to a Landlord and the DBD as a tenant. The property owner will betroth the land to the tenant and pass all that concerns to it to the tenant

Cyber crime and identify theft #7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Cyber crime and identify theft 7 - Essay ExampleOften times, it has been seen that individuals invade the user content on the web, hack websites and crack codes just for satisfying their own whims. At other times, the competitors or rival groups are behind such heinous attacks (Rider, 2001). What is most important is how well these cyber crimes are being engaged in the first place. If these bring out the results for the int demiseed hackers and criminals as they ought to be called, so the element of crime is indeed a magnanimous one.The theory that describes it best is related with the criminal psychology where such behaviors are studied in elaborate to find out where the morally wrong issue has come in from and what could be done to thwart the basis of failure which exists within the realms of the cyber age and technology (Broadhurst, 2006). Such theories in essence dictate the basis of finding out where the society is going wrong and what collective good is required at the end of the

Friction Lab Essay Example for Free

corrasion Lab EssayDiscussion and ReviewWhenever a dust slides along anformer(a) body a resisting repel is called into play that is known as clank. This is a very important impression and serves many utilitarian purposes. A person could not walk without clangoring, nor could a car propel itself along a highway without the clang between the tires and the road come out. On the other hand, friction is very wasteful. It reduces the efficiency of machines because work moldiness be d maven to overcome it and this energy is wasted as heat. The purpose of this experiment is to field of honor the laws of friction and to determine the coefficient of friction between two surfaces. THEORYFriction is the resisting tug encountered when one surface slides over another. This rend acts along the tangent to the surfaces in contact. The drag necessary to overcome friction depends on the nature of the materials in contact, on their roughness or smoothness, and on the normal strong poi nt yet not on the atomic number 18a of contact or on the speed of the motion. We ferret out experimentally that the fierceness of friction is directly proportional to the normal force. When an object is sitting on a horizontal surface the normal force is just the weight of the object. However, if the object is on an incline then it is not pit to the weight but is calculated by N= mg cos . The constant of isotropy wheel is called the coefficient of friction, . When the contacting surfaces are actually slue one over the other the force of friction is given by equality 1Ffr = k FNwhere Ffr is the force of friction and is directed parallel to the surfaces and opposite to the direction of motion. FN is the normal force and k is the coefficient of energizing friction. The subscript k stands for kinetic, meaning that k is the coefficient that applies when the surfaces are movingone with respect to the other. k is therefore more precisely called the coefficient of kinetic or slew f riction. Note care ripey that Ffris always directed opposite to the direction of motion. This means that if you reverse the direction of sliding, the frictional force reverses too. In short, friction is always against you. Friction is called a non-conservative force because energy must be used to overcome it no matter which way you go. This is in contrast to what is called a conservative force such as gravity, which is against you on the way up but with you on the way down.Thus, the energy expended in lifting an object may be regained when the object descends. Yet, the energy used to overcome friction is dissipated, which means it is lost or made unavailable as heat. As you will see in your later study ofphysics the distinction between conservative and non-conservative forces is a very important one that is fundamental to our concepts of heat and energy.A method of checking the proportionality of Ffr, and FNand of determining the proportionality constant k is to have one of the surf aces in the form of a plane placed horizontally with a pulley fastened at one end. The other surface is the bottom face of a sidestep that rests on the plane and to which is attached a weighted cord that passes over the pulley. The weights are vary until the block moves at constant speed after having been started with a slight push. Since there is no acceleration, the net force on the block is zero, which means that the frictional force is equal to the tension in the cord.This tension, in turn, is equal to the total weight attached to the cords end. The normal force between the two surfaces is equal to the weight of the block and can be increased by placing weights on top of the block. Thus, corresponding values of Ffr,and FN can be found, and plotting them will show whether Ffrand FN are indeed proportional. The slope of this graph gives k. When a body lies at rest on a surface and an attempt is made to push it, the pushing force is opposed by a frictional force. As long as the p ushing force is not strong enough to start the body moving, the body remains in equilibrium.This means that the frictional force automatically adjusts itself to be equal to the pushing force and thus to just be enough to balance it. However, there is a threshold value of the pushing force beyond which larger values will cause the body to break away and slide. We argue that in the placid case where a body is at rest the frictional force automatically adjusts itself to keep the body at rest up to a certain maximum. But if static equilibrium demands a frictional force larger than this maximum, static equilibrium conditions will cease to exist because this force is not available and the body will start to move. This situation may be expressed in equation form asEquation 2Ffr sFN or Ffr max = sFNWhere Ffris the frictional force in the static case, Ffr max is the maximum value this force can assume and sis the coefficient of static friction. We find that sis slightly larger than k. This means that a somewhat larger force is needed to break a body away and start it sliding than is needed to keep it sliding at constant speed once it is in motion. This is why a slight push is necessary to get the block started for the measurement of k.One way of investigating the case of static friction is to observe the so-called limiting cant of repose. This is defined as the maximum angle to which an inclined plane may be tipped before a block placed on the plane just starts to slide. The arrangement is illustrated in write in code 1 above. The block has weight W whose component Wcos (where is the plane angle) is perpendicular to the plane and is thus equal to the normal force, FN. The component Wsin is parallel to the plane and constitutes the force urging the block to slide down the plane. It is opposed by the frictional force Ffr, As long as the block remains at rest, Ffr must be equal to W sin . If the plane is tipped up until at some value max the block just starts to slid e, we haveEquation 3ButHenceOrThus, if the plane is gradually tipped up until the block just breaks away and the plane angle is then measured, the coefficient of static friction is equal to the tangent of this angle, which is called the limiting angle of repose. It is interesting to note that W cancelled out in the derivation of Equation 3 so that the weight of the block doesnt matter.PROCEDUREThis experiment requires you to record measurements in Newtons. Remember that in SI units the unit of force is called the Newton (N). One Newton is the force required to impart an acceleration of 1m/s2 to a trade of 1 kg. Thus 1 N = 1 kg.m/s2. You can convert any kg-mass to Newtons by multiplying the kg-weight by 9.8 m/s2, i.e., 100 g = 0.1 kg = 0.1 x 9.8 = .98 N. 1.Determining force of kinetic or sliding friction and static friction a. The wooden blocks provided in the LabPaq are too light to give good readings so you need to put some weight onthem, such as a full soft drink can. Weigh the p lain wood block and the object used on top of the block. account book the combined weight in grams and Newtons.b. bewilder the ramp board you provided horizontally on a table. If necessary tape it down at the ends with masking tape to keep if from sliding.c. Begin the experiment by setting the block and its weight on the board with its largest surface in contact with the surface of the board. Connect the blocks hook to the 500-g spring scale. d. exploitation the spring scale, easily pull the block lengthwise along the horizontal board. When the block is moving with constant speed, note the force indicated on the scale and record. This is the approximate kinetic or sliding frictional force. Repeat two more times.e. While carefully watching the spring scale, start the block from rest. When the block just starts to move, note the force indicated on the scale and record. You should notice that this requires more force. This force isapproximately equal to the static frictional force. Repeat two more times.Determining coefficient of static friction using an inclined surfacea. Place the plain block with its largest surface in contact on the board while the board is lying flat.b. behind raise one end of the board until the block just breaks away and starts to slide down. Be very careful to movethe plane slowly and smoothly so as to get a precise value of the angle withthe horizontal at which the block just breaks away. This is the limiting angle of repose max. euphony it with a protractor (see photo that follows for an alternate way of measuring the angle) and record the result. You may also want to measure the base and the height of the triangle formed by the board, the support, and the floor or table. The height divided by the length of the base equals the coefficient of static friction.Rememberc. Perform two more trials. These trials should be independent. This means that in each case the plane should bereturned to the horizontal, the block placed on it, an d the plane carefully moved up until the limiting angle of repose is reached. data TABLE 6HeightBase Length maxsTrial 1Trial 2Trial 3AverageCalculations1. Using the mass of the block and the average force of kinetic friction from Data Table 1, calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction from Equation 12. Using the mass of the block and the average force of kinetic friction from Data Table 2, calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction for the woodblock sliding on its side. Record your result and see how it compares with the value of kobtained from Data Table 1.3. From the data in Data Table 3, 4 5 compute the coefficient of static friction, sfor, the glass surface on wood, the sandpapered surface on wood, and wood on carpet, etc from each of your three trials. Calculate an average value of s.Record your results in your own data sheets.4.From the data obtained in Data Table 6 calculate sfor wood on wood from each of your three trials.5.Calculate an average value of s. Record you r result on the data sheet.QuestionsA. How does the coefficient of static friction compare with the coefficient of kinetic friction for the same surfaces and areas?B. Why is it important to reduce friction during the operation of machinery? C. How does grease or rock oil affect the coefficient of friction?